Reaction and Dynamic Equilibrium: 9 Facts You Should Know

In this article, the topic, “reaction and dynamic equilibrium” with several 9 facts will be summarizing in a brief manner.

The reaction equilibrium is also term as dynamic equilibrium because of the forward reaction motion and backward reaction motion will be similar in the state of the equilibrium. In this specified time, the amount of molecules of the reactant is change into product and molecules of the product change into reactants at the same time.

The same equilibrium is carried out with same amount of reactants at any places with same condition with maintaining interchanging of the molecules.

Reaction and dynamic equilibrium definition:

Dynamic equilibrium:-

Dynamic equilibrium is only happened in the case of reversible reaction. When the forward reaction motion and backward reaction motion will be similar only that time the state of dynamic equilibrium will be appear. The equation of the dynamic equilibrium is similar because of the reaction of the forward and backward is still appearing but the motion of the forward reaction and backward reaction will be same and unchanged, so they can stay at equilibrium state.

Example of Dynamic equilibrium:-

If a new soda bottle is taken then the soda bottle has the concentration of carbon dioxide in the phase of the liquid has an unchanged value. But half of the liquid is poured out and again sealed the bottle of soda then in this particular matter carbon dioxide will parting the phase of the liquid and the motion will be decreases and in this particular time partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the phase of gas is increases and they reaches to the state of equilibrium.

In this position, for the reason of thermal motions a molecule of carbon dioxide is exit from the phase of liquid but in a very short period another molecule of carbon dioxide is exit from the phase of gas to the liquid, and in same way a molecule of carbon dioxide is exit from the phase of gaseous but in a very short period another molecule of carbon dioxide is exit from the phase of liquid to the gas.

The state of equilibrium is can be said for the carbon dioxide is when it reached the motion of transfer for carbon dioxide from gas to liquid and the motion of transfer for carbon dioxide from liquid to gas.

Reaction equilibrium:-

Reaction equilibrium can be define as, the state for a specified system in which the concentration of the reactant and the concentration of the outcomes unchanged respect to the time and also for the specified system no other changes are appear in the system’s properties.

What is a reaction in dynamic equilibrium?

A reaction in dynamic equilibrium is, when the forward reaction motion and backward reaction motion will be similar only those times dynamic equilibrium will be appear. The equation of the dynamic equilibrium is similar because of the reaction of the forward and backward is still appearing but the motion of the forward reaction and backward reaction will be same and unchanged, so they can stay at equilibrium state.

Is a reaction at equilibrium dynamic or static?

To achieve full static equilibrium a system must be posses both translational equilibrium and rotational equilibrium.

A reaction at the state of equilibrium is not static but by nature a reaction at the state of equilibrium is dynamic.

Difference between Dynamic equilibrium and Static equilibrium:-

The major difference in between the dynamic equilibrium and static equilibrium are listed below,

Why is reaction a dynamic equilibrium?

Chemical reaction can be deriving as; the balance in between reactants and products after a given reaction is reached to the state of system. In the chemical reaction the motion of forming for reactants and products are same and many factors are affected in the dynamic what that proportion will be. In other hand when the equation of the dynamic equilibrium is similar because of the reaction of the forward and backward is still appearing but the motion of the forward reaction and backward reaction will be same and unchanged.

What happens when a reaction reaches dynamic equilibrium?

When a reaction is reaches at the dynamic equilibrium at that time the concentration of products and reactants remain unchanged. The motion of the forward reaction and backward reaction stays as unchanged condition and the reaction not stopped. 

Properties of a system to recognized equilibrium:-

A system is in equilibrium easily can be estimate with the help of two properties of a system. The properties are listed below,

• If the motion of the reaction for the forward and backward remain similar for the products and reactants.
• All the products and reactants stay at equilibrium.

How do you know if a reaction is at equilibrium?

A reaction is reached at the point of equilibrium when the motion of the forward reaction and the motion of the backward reaction are same. All concentration of reactant and concentration of product are unchanged at the equilibrium condition.

The forces acting on the system are equal and opposite in dynamic equilibrium. Suppose force F_a is acting on the body under motion means some force F_b is acting opposite to F_a to balance the system so that velocity can be set constant.

F_a=- F_b

F_a+ F_b = F_net = 0

The way to recognize a reaction is at equilibrium:-

The ways by which an observer can understand a reaction is at state of equilibrium are listed below,

• By examine the concentration of the products and reactants by regular intervals.
• When an observer is observe that, the concentration of the products and reactants are unchanged means in a similar situation that’s mean the reaction is in equilibrium.
• With the help of physical method and also the chemical method the state of equilibrium easily can be estimate.

Are all equilibrium reactions dynamic?

Yes, all equilibrium reactions are dynamic. Composition of the state of the equilibrium is depending upon the proportion of the motion of the forward reaction and the motion of the backward reaction. In dynamic equilibrium the motion of the forward reaction and the motion of the backward reaction are similar.

Conditions for dynamic equilibrium reaction:-

The conditions which are responsible for dynamic equilibrium reaction are listed below,

• Density
• Specific heat capacity
• The motion for the forward reaction
• The motion for the backward reaction
• Concentration
• The system should be present in the closed system
• The process should be reversible
• Similar and opposite force
• Change in pressure
• Change in temperature
• Chemical components

Features of a reaction in dynamic equilibrium:

To stay a reaction in the state of dynamic equilibrium lot of factors are depending. If any changes of dynamic system the state of dynamic equilibrium will changes.

The features of a reaction in dynamic equilibrium are listed below,

• The total force in the dynamic system to obtain the state of dynamic equilibrium is non zero.
• The dynamic equilibrium is appearing in the closed system. Any type of object is not entered or exit to the system during the process.
• The motion of the forward reaction and motion of the backward reaction will be same.
• The process in the closed system continuously occur when the process reach to the dynamic equilibrium condition.
• The changes properties of a substance such as temperature, pressure, density, specific heat can also changes the state of dynamic equilibrium.
• The properties of a substance such as concentration, emissivity is remaining unchanged in the state of dynamic equilibrium.

Features of a reversible reaction in dynamic equilibrium:

A reversible process is derive as dynamic equilibrium when the motion of the forward reaction and backward reaction is stays as same motion and as a resulting no changes is observe in the close system. During the any type of object is not entering or exist to the system.

The features of a reversible reaction in dynamic equilibrium are describe below,

• While the reversible reaction is stays at the state of dynamic equilibrium at that particular time the reaction takes place in a system which should be closed. During the process any type of substance or any part of the substance is not in out to the system and its surrounding.
• The motion of the forward reaction and motion of the backward reaction in the reversible reaction remain similar.
• The partial pressure and concentration of all substance attached with the process is remain unchanged.
• The total force in the dynamic system to obtain the state of dynamic equilibrium is non zero.
• In the dynamic equilibrium the reaction is continuously happened.

Examples of reaction in dynamic equilibrium:

One example we can say of reaction in dynamic equilibrium is combustion of coal. When the coal is burn at that time carbon dioxide is released to the atmosphere and the main component of the coal is carbon. Means we can say that, at the beginning of the process coal is made with solid state of carbon and after burning coal release the carbon as a gaseous form.

So, by this help of this process the carbon is stays at dynamic equilibrium state at the atmosphere.

Another one example of reaction in dynamic equilibrium is a car is moves with unchanged acceleration. Unchanged acceleration means the acceleration of the car is not changes at any condition. In other way we can say that, if the acceleration is zero then the acceleration does not change and so one can easily say that acceleration is unchanged.

When the car contains unchanged acceleration at this particular time the weight is balanced by reaction force and forward force is balanced by friction. Also the forward force is opposed by friction with equal motion. No other change in force is observed. The net force remains the same hence it is said to be in dynamic equilibrium.

Some other examples of reaction in dynamic equilibrium listed below,

• A boat is move in a river with similar speed
• Running in a treadmill following a unchanged velocity
• Combustion of wood
• A train is moving with a similar velocity
• Aeroplane flying in similar speed
• Sweating

Conclusion:

Reaction equilibrium is a dynamic equilibrium. A reversible process is said to be in dynamic equilibrium when the forward and reverse processes occur at the same rate, resulting in no observable change in the system. Once dynamic equilibrium is established, the concentrations or partial pressures of all species involved in the process remain constant.

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