Sodium Chloride(NaCl) Properties (25 Facts You Should Know)

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Sodium chloride is one of the chemical substance which is used for cooking. Let us discuss about sodium chloride and its various facts in detail in this article.

Alkali metal sodium and halogen chlorine combine to create the ionic compound known as sodium chloride. Sodium chloride has a refractive index of 1.5441. It is found that sodium chloride has a pH of 7. A chemical called sodium chloride is soluble in methanol, ammonia, and water.

In several situations, sodium chloride is utilised as an electrolyte. In this article we deal with the various facts like oxidation State, melting point, boiling point of sodium chloride.

Sodium chloride IUPAC name

The IUPAC name of sodium chloride is sodium chloride.

Sodium chloride chemical formula

The chemical formula or symbol of sodium chloride is NaCl.

sodium chloride properties
Structure of NaCl

Sodium chloride CAS number

The CAS number of sodium chloride is 7647-14-5.

Sodium chloride chemspider ID

The chemspider Id of sodium chloride is 5044.

Sodium chloride chemical classification

  • Sodium chloride is an ionic compound formed by sodium and chlorine reacting each other.
  • Strong base sodium hydroxide and acid hydrogen chloride react to produce the salt known as sodium chloride.
  • Sodium and chlorine is present in 1:1 ratio.
  • The heat capacity of sodium chloride is 50.5 J/k.mol.

Sodium chloride molar mass

The molar mass of sodium chloride is 58.443 g / mol.

Sodium chloride color

Sodium chloride is a colorless cubic crystal or it is a white colored crystal.

Sodium chloride viscosity

The viscosity of sodium chloride itself can be found because viscosity is a property that is completely related to fluids. The viscosity of the salt solution is found to be decreased by increasing the concentration of salt in water.

Sodium chloride molar density

The molar density of sodium chloride is 2.17 g / cm3.

Sodium chloride melting point

Sodium chloride has a melting point of 1073.8 K or 800.70 C. According to Fahrenheit scale it is 1473.30 F.

Sodium chloride boiling point

Sodium chloride has a boiling point of 14650 C (1738 K). On the basis of Fahrenheit scale it is 26690 F.

Sodium chloride state at room temperature

Sodium chloride is a colorless solid substance at room temperature.

Sodium chloride ionic bond

In sodium chloride, an ionic link is formed between the elements sodium and chlorine. Chlorine gains an electron, turning into Cl–, and sodium loses one, turning into Na+. Then these two opposite charges attract each other to form sodium chloride.

Sodium chloride Ionic radius

The ionic radius of sodium chloride is 2.36A0.

Sodium chloride electronic configuration

The number of electrons that p orbital can hold is 6 while a d and f orbital can hold 10 and 14 respectively. Let us study the electronic configuration of sodium chloride.

Sodium has an electronic configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 and chlorine has a configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p63s2 3p5.

Sodium chloride oxidation state

The oxidation state of sodium chloride is +1 in sodium and -1 in chlorine. The number of electrons an atom loses or gains when it forms a compound gives its oxidation state. Here sodium loses so it’s +1 and chlorine accepts one electron so -1.

Sodium chloride acidity or alkaline

Sodium chloride is neither acid nor base, it is a neutral substance as its ions are equal in a solution.

Is sodium chloride odourless?

A salty-tasting material without an odour, is sodium chloride.

Is sodium chloride paramagnetic?

Magnetic moment of an atom is calculated on the basis of its unpaired electrons. Let us look whether sodium chloride is paramagnetic or not.

Sodium chloride is a diamagnetic substance. Because all the electrons in both Sodium and chlorine is paired. Since there are no unpaired electrons it can’t have paramagnetic character.

Sodium chloride hydrates

Sodium chloride doesn’t form any type of hydrates. Because Sodium chloride easily gets dissolved in water and if we crystallize sodium chloride from water it will not form any type of hydrates.

Sodium chloride crystal structure

Sodium chloride has a face-centered cubic lattice as its crystal structure. The value of its lattice constant is 564.02 pm. The geometry of sodium chloride is octahedral that is each sodium atom is surrounded by 6 chloride ions and vice versa.

Sodium chloride polarity and conductivity

  • Sodium chloride is found to be a polar compound because it is ionic in nature. There is a dipole moment can be seen in between Sodium and chloride and its value is 8.5 D.
  • The sodium chloride’s molar conductance is 126.45 ohm-1 cm2 mol-1 .

Sodium chloride reaction with acid

Sulphuric acid and sodium chloride combine to produce sodium sulphate and hydrogen chloride. Also sodium chloride reacts with nitric acid to form sodium nitrate and hydrogen chloride. No reaction is observed when sodium chloride with hydrogen chloride.

2NaCl + H2 SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2HCl

NaCl + HNO3 → NaNO3 + HCl

NaCl + HCl → No visible reaction

Sodium chloride reaction with base

Sodium chloride react with a base like a potassium hydroxide to form sodium hydroxide and potassium chloride. But when reacted with another base Sodium hydroxide there is no visible reaction.

NaCl + KOH → Na2O + MgCl2

Sodium chloride reaction with oxides

Sodium chloride reacts with one of the metal oxide like magnesium oxide to form sodium oxide and magnesium chloride.

2NaCl + MgO → Na2O + MgCl2

Sodium chloride reaction with metals

When sodium chloride react with metals the most active metal will replaces sodium to form the corresponding metal chloride. This can be termed as displacement reaction.

Sodium chloride is responsible for the saline taste of saltwater. It is used as a food preservative, a source of sodium and chloride compounds, for deicing roadways during winter seasons, as fire extinguisher, water softening and in many industrial applications.